Arowana enthusiasts often begin their journey by exploring the different types of arowana and matching them to the right care routine. Understanding the core requirements of tank size, water quality, and feeding helps keep these prehistoric-looking fish healthy and active.
This guide organizes key details into a quick reference table, followed by focused sections on species, setup, maintenance, and common questions to support confident long-term care.
| Type | Common Name | Adult Size | Minimum Tank Size | Key Traits |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Osteoglossum bicirrhosum | Silver Arowana | 36 inches | 250+ gallons | Surface hunter, strong jumper |
| Osteoglossum ferreirai | Black Arowana | 39 inches | 300+ gallons | Dark coloration, predatory |
| Osteoglossum jardinii | Jardini Arowana | 30 inches | 200 gallons | Hardier, territorial |
| Scleropages formosus | Asian Arowana | 35 inches | 250+ gallons | Cultural value, regulated species |
Different Types of Arowana Overview
Silver and Black Varieties
Silver and black types of arowana are among the most sought after for their dramatic size and surface-dwelling behavior. Silver arowana display bright scales and frequent surface activity, while black variants mature into darker tones. Both require spacious setups to accommodate their power and continuous growth.
Jardini and Regional Species
Jardini and other regional forms offer more adaptability to varied water conditions, making them popular for experienced keepers. They still demand strong filtration and room to move, yet their hardiness can reduce early mortality. Recognizing regional differences helps tailor feeding and tank arrangement for each type.
Optimal Tank Size and Setup
Length Matters More Than Height
Arowana care begins with horizontal swimming space, so tank length is prioritized over vertical height. Juveniles can start in smaller tanks, but adults of every type need long, wide aquariums. A floor space of at least six feet is common for full-grown individuals to turn comfortably.
Equipment and Layout Guidance
Secure lids, powerful filtration, and subdued lighting support these easily startled fish. Arrange open swimming areas with minimal sharp decorations to prevent scale damage. Keeping the environment stable simplifies long-term types of arowana care and reduces stress-related illness.
Water Quality and Daily Maintenance
Monitoring and Routine Adjustments
Consistent water testing for ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and pH supports optimal health. Weekly partial water changes remove accumulated waste and refresh mineral balance. Performing maintenance at the same time each week trains fish to expect feeding and activity, improving overall behavior.
Filtration and Temperature Control
High-volume canister or sump systems help manage the heavy bio-load of large arowana. Keeping temperature steady in the low to mid 20s Celsius avoids sudden immune suppression. Clean mechanical and biological media preserve water clarity and reduce emergency interventions.
Feeding Strategies and Nutrition
Live, Frozen, and Prepared Options
Variety in diet improves coloration and growth consistency across different types of arowana. Offering appropriately sized fish, shrimp, and high-protein pellets supports balanced nutrition. Avoid overfeeding, and monitor body condition to adjust portions without sudden dietary shifts.
Key Takeaways for Long-Term Success
- Select a tank based on adult size, not current juvenile dimensions
- Prioritize powerful filtration and secure covers for all arowana types
- Maintain consistent temperature and regular water testing
- Diversify diet and monitor body condition to prevent nutritional issues
- Plan for long-term space and maintenance before acquiring any type
FAQ
Reader questions
How do I choose the right tank size for my arowana type?
Base the decision on the adult size of your specific type, always allowing at least twice the body length of swimming space in length and enough width for turning, and plan for future upgrades rather than frequent rehoming.
Which arowana type is best for beginners in terms of hardiness?
Jardini arowana are often recommended for beginners due to their tolerance of minor water variations and faster adaptation to captive feeding routines compared to more sensitive species.
Can different types of arowana be kept together in one tank?
Mixing types or sizes is generally discouraged because of differing growth rates, feeding responses, and territorial behavior, which can lead to stress, injury, or difficulty in maintaining water quality.
What maintenance schedule should I follow for stable water conditions?
Perform 20 to 30 percent weekly water changes, test key parameters at least twice weekly, rinse mechanical media in tank water monthly, and schedule professional water testing if you notice unexplained health changes.